TAPVC – Supracardiac and Infracardiac

Total anomalous venous connections, or TAPVC, is a congenital malformation in which the pulmonary veins join to form a “common vein” but do not attach normally to the left atrium. The Pulmonary venous blood returns to the right atrium by one of three routes. An atrial septal communication must be present to allow blood to reach the left atrium and the left ventricle.

There are three types of TAPVC referred to as supracardiac, intracardiac, or infracardiac type TAPVC. In the supracardiac type, the common “ventricle vein” connects to the superior vena cava system via an anomalous “vertical vein”. In the intracardiac type, the common pulmonary vein connects to the right atrium directly through the coronary sinus. In the infracardiac type TAPVC, the common vein connects to the inferior vena cava (IVC) by a vertical vein that passes through the diaphragm. The blood must pass through the liver to reach the IVC. This form of TAPVC usually causes severe obstructions to flow.

 

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